The wide use of magnetic materials has greatly improved the living standards of human beings. From household appliances such as refrigerators to aerospace equipment such as magnetic navigators, solid magnetic materials are everywhere.While the general liquid magnetic materials, such as the traditional ferrofluid, have flexible shape but no magnetic pole, only under the action of external magnetic field is continuously magnetized to show specific magnetism.
In view of this, liu xupo, a doctoral candidate at the center for advanced and sophisticated soft materials at Beijing university of chemical technology, and Thomas Russell, a professor at the university of Massachusetts Amherst (corresponding author), reported a new type of magnetic liquid, a reconfigurable ferromagnetic droplet, also known as a liquid magnet.
By controlling the self-assembly of magnetic nanoparticles at the water-oil interface, the researchers were able to steer ferrofluid from paramagnetism to ferromagnetism.The ferromagnetic droplets (FLD) found in the study have both the magnetism of a solid magnet and the fluidity of a liquid, combining the two to form a new magnetic soft material.In general, magnets are no longer necessarily solid, but can also be liquid.
Here, mix water-based magnetic material and the organic phase and dispersed in the aqueous phase of carboxyl of the ferromagnetic oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4 - COOH NPs) and neighbouring dissolved in the oil phase amination cage and a half times the siloxane (POSS - NH2) in oil water interface interaction, in situ self-assembly to form magnetic nanoparticles surface active agent, adsorption to the interface and implement the jam phase transition, formation of liquid droplets.
The hysteresis loop of the droplet was measured at room temperature and it was found that, different from the traditional paramagnetic magnetic fluid, the droplet showed certain strength of remanence and coercivity and changed to ferromagnetism.Combined with the latest all-liquid 3D printing and microfluidic molding technologies, researchers can manufacture magnetic liquid devices with any morphology in all liquid conditions.In addition, the formed liquid can be reconstructed by changing the acid and base environment in the liquid to achieve reversible magnetization or demagnetization.
This new ferromagnetic droplet has many unique properties, which are expected to be used in magnetron liquid robot, programmable liquid microreactor and other fields in the future, and promote the development of new liquid magnetic material characterization technologies such as polarized neutron magnetic field imaging.
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